Add chapter on floating point data

[LiamPattinson]

Resolves #7
Resolves #9

Changes data structures chapter to one about handling floating point numbers.

• Introduces absolute/relative tolerances
• Mentions the built-in math.isclose, then goes straight to NumPy routines (skips np.isclose for simplicity)
• Adds a callout stating that direct equality checks are a bad idea in an earlier chapter
• Adds $\pi$ estimation routine as an example.
• Removes all content on comparing lists/dicts. Could add this earlier in the course, but I don't think it needs to be a focus, especially given the numpy routines can be used for lists.
• Strips all pandas material for simplicity, replaces it with a simple callout so interested people know it exists.

Additionally includes some edits to the setup doc.

[github-actions]

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Rendered Changes

🔍 Inspect the changes: https://github.com/ResearchCodingClub/python-testing-for-research/compare/md-outputs..md-outputs-PR-12

The following changes were observed in the rendered markdown documents:

 04-unit-tests-best-practices.md                    |  70 +--
 06-floating-point-data.md (new)                    | 282 ++++++++++++
 06-testing-data-structures.md (gone)               | 471 ---------------------
 .../advanced/advanced_calculator.py (new)          |   6 +
 .../advanced/test_advanced_calculator.py (new)     |   7 +
 files/06-floating-point-data/calculator.py (new)   |  15 +
 files/06-floating-point-data/estimate_pi.py (new)  |  10 +
 files/06-floating-point-data/scripts.py (new)      |  21 +
 .../statistics/stats.py (new)                      |  34 ++
 .../statistics/test_stats.py (new)                 |  82 ++++
 .../test_calculator.py (new)                       |  29 ++
 .../test_estimate_pi.py (new)                      |  15 +
 .../test_floating_point.py (new)                   |  12 +
 files/06-floating-point-data/test_numpy.py (new)   |  27 ++
 files/07-fixtures/statistics/stats.py              | 104 -----
 files/07-fixtures/statistics/test_stats.py         |  54 ---
 files/07-fixtures/test_numpy.py (new)              |  27 ++
 files/08-parametrization/statistics/stats.py       | 104 -----
 files/08-parametrization/statistics/test_stats.py  |  54 ---
 files/08-parametrization/test_numpy.py (new)       |  27 ++
 files/09-testing-output-files/statistics/stats.py  | 104 -----
 .../statistics/test_stats.py                       |  55 ---
 files/09-testing-output-files/test_numpy.py (new)  |  27 ++
 md5sum.txt                                         |  42 +-
 setup.md                                           |  43 +-
 25 files changed, 713 insertions(+), 1009 deletions(-)

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⏱️ Updated at 2026-02-14 13:51:43 +0000